Effects of androgen deprivation therapy on metabolic markers and bioelectrical impedance analyze in prostate cancer patients

Introduction and Objectives: Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most widespread malignancy within men. Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), which is the central component of advanced PCa treatment, causes side effects. The goal of this study was to examine the metabolic changes and bioelectrical impedance analysis differences in PCa patients who received ADT. Materials and methods: After age-related match-pair analysis, a total of 519 patients with PCa and control group who had benign disease were enrolled in the study. Biochemical blood parameters and TANITA measurements were recorded for all patients. Patients were categorized into three groups, ADT group (Group 1, n = 124) and non-ADT group (Group 2, n = 248), control group (Group 3, n = 147). Results: The mean age of groups was similar. Body mass index, waist circumference, body fat mass and fat ratio, which were among the TANITA parameters, were higher in group 1 (p < 0.05). Total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein, non- high density lipoprotein, triglycerids and fasting blood glucose values were also higher in group 1 (p < 0.05). Myocardial infarction and metabolic syndrome rates were also higher in this group. Conclusions: While the use of ADT is manifested by an increase in fat mass and fat ratio in body composition, it negatively affects waist circumference measurements. It is associated with metabolically unfit body composition changes that predispose to diabetes mellitus and may increase cardio-vascular disease. For this reason, it is necessary to be careful about metabolic and endocrinological diseases in long-term therapy.